Organic Farming vs Agribusiness

Organic, holistic and naturalistic are disciplines of agriculture that are growing in popularity each day. People everywhere are extremely concerned about the environment especially as how it relates as to what we put into our bodies and also how it affects our earth.

As the world’s population explodes,we have learned that American farmers over the years have done a wonderful job of providing substantial amounts of nutritious and healthy food for a growing world , but is this scenario of farming sustainable?

Organic farmers depend on crop rotation, crop residue recycling, animal manure and mechanical cultivation to maintain the soil and to control weeds, insects and other pests. Organic farming does not permit the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, plant growth regulators, and livestock feed additives.

Enhancing and maintaining soil health and productivity is the mainstay of organic farming. Many natural methods are employed including crop rotation, green manure, cover cropping, application of compost and mulching, Organic farmers also use certain fertilizers such as seed meal and mineral powders such as rock phosphate and greensand which are naturally occurring forms of potash.

Nitrates which were used during World War II as munitions became an abundant and cheap source of nitrogen. This situation impelled the industrialization of agriculture in the early 20th century. Research produced hybrid seeds, fields grew in size and cropping became specialized to make efficient use of machinery, irrigation, fertilization and the use of pesticides.

Another major point of contention is the use of genetically modified organisms (GMO), human growth hormones (HGH), sewage sludge irridation and antibiotics in the production of our food supply.

Standard farming allows farmers to precisely apply only the necessary fertilizers to the soil in order to minimize waste pollutants. Organic fertilizers such as manure which contains fixed amounts of various elements which can not be adjusted. The most common problem is over application of these organic fertilizers because of their relative lack of potency. These over applications can very easily lead to pollution of the water supply.

Can agribusiness convert to large scale organic farming and still be able to make money without raising the consumer’s cost to unaffordable levels?

The current food distribution system favors high volume production with large farming corporate operations and cannot be easily altered. What we know as organic farming may change very dramatically in the coming years. A growing consumer market is normally one of the main factors encouraging conventional farmers to convert to organic agricultural production methods. I believe this trend will continue.